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- <text>
- <title>
- 20 Million in Horn of Africa Face Starvation
- </title>
- <article>
- <hdr>
- Foreign Broadcast Information Service, February 22, 1991
- 20 Million in Horn of Africa Face Starvation
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>[Paris AFP in English 1247 GMT 17 Feb 91]
- </p>
- <p> [Text] Paris, Feb 17 (AFP)--More than 20 million people in
- the Horn of Africa are facing starvation this year amid
- indications that the Gulf War will mean a sharp cutback in aid
- donations by Western countries engaged in the conflict. Aid
- organisations say the Gulf war is diverting governments'
- attentions from the disaster building up in Ethiopia, Sudan and
- Somalia.
- </p>
- <p> UNICEF Director-General James Grant sounded the alarm last
- week, saying some 20 million people were at risk in the three
- countries all of which are beset by a combination of recurrent
- drought and multiple localised rebellions. The United Nations
- World Food Programme and British organisation Oxfam are
- preparing to launch this week a new drive to collect funds for
- the region as they say the aid response has so far been
- disappointingly low.
- </p>
- <p> The Horn of Africa, strategically located just opposite the
- Gulf states, is directly and indirectly affected by the
- conflict now entering its second month. While Ethiopia has come
- out staunchly on the side of the anti-Iraq coalition, Sudan did
- just the opposite and antagonised its Western aid donors in the
- process. Somalia, where the government of Mohamed Siad Barre
- was overthrown in January, is still in chaos as the United
- Somali Congress seeks to consolidate its hold on power. The Gulf
- war sympathies of the new Somali leaders are not yet known.
- </p>
- <p> The Ethiopians welcomed the allied military intervention to
- drive Iraq out of Kuwait. Diplomats said Addis Ababa was hoping
- to reap the benefits of its support to renew ties with the West
- after decades of alignment with the Soviet Union. Ethiopian
- Government representatives and Eritrean secessionists are due
- to meet on Monday in London [as received], under the auspices
- of the United States, for peace talks to end the 30-year-old
- civil war in the Red Sea province, informed Western sources
- said.
- </p>
- <p> The Ethiopian Government, which has restored diplomatic
- relations with Israel, says the Eritrean People's Liberation
- Front along with secessionists in neighbouring Tigray Province,
- are funded and armed by Arab states including Iraq. It has also
- accused Sudan of providing sanctuary to Eritrean rebels and
- transit facilities for arms being channeled to the EPLF and the
- Tigray People's Liberation Front.
- </p>
- <p> Aid workers say the Gulf war has already raised the price of
- oil and created a shortage of fuel which will directly affect
- distribution of relief by road convoys. Fuel is reportedly so
- short in Sudan that aid workers are being forced to import fuel
- for relief distribution. Sudan used to rely on subsidized
- supplies from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
- </p>
- <p> In recent years, Sudan has been getting an increasing amount
- of aid from Iraq and Libya, thereby alienating Western
- governments and moderate Arab countries like Egypt. There has
- been a recent exodus of aid workers who fear they could be
- targets for terrorists attacks. In past years, the fighting in
- southern Sudan between the government and rebels of the Sudan
- People's Liberation Army (SPLA) has seriously complicated the
- task of aid workers seeking to alleviate food shortages.
- </p>
- <p> But Western experts say the situation there is likely to get
- worse in coming months because the SPLA has rejected a plan by
- Khartoum for a federal Sudan with an Islamic regime in the
- northern mainly Moslem region. The experts say the pressure on
- John Garang, the SPLA leader to secede will probably grow if
- the strongly Islamic government in Khartoum remains in power.
- </p>
- <p> Western aid workers say they are being forced out of Sudan
- by the government in Khartoum which "only wants to deal with
- Islamic organisations and the United Nations." They said
- millions of Sudanese were at risk from the government's attitude
- to aid groups.
- </p>
- <p> Reports in Britain said that of 940,000 tonnes of food
- requested by Ethiopia by the World Food Programme [WFP], only
- one third had been donated. In Sudan the response had been even
- poorer with only 200,000 tonnes donated out of a total pledge
- of 1.2 million tonnes. The United States, which the WFP hopes
- will cover up to a third of Sudan's food requirements, has made
- no firm pledge. A WFP official quoted by the OBSERVER newspaper
- said the situation in parts of Sudan was "becoming desperate."
- </p>
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- </article>
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